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Control Unit (CU)

CU controls all the operations of the computer system. It directs the inputs received

from input devices to the memory unit and to the arithmetic logic unit. It also controls
the flow of results or output from ALU to memory and to the output devices.

Memory Unit (MU)

MU stores data and instructions before they are provided to the ALU for arithmetic
and logical operations. It also stores the results given out by the ALU before the

output is sent.

Storage Devices

Storage devices are used to store data and instructions in the computer. A computer
has two types of storage:

Memory

Memory, in the context of computers and information technology, refers to the

electronic storage and retrieval of data and instructions that a computer uses to
perform tasks and functions.

• Data is stored using a binary system, where information is represented by only
two symbols: 0 and 1.

• These binary digits are known as bits.

• Multiple bits are grouped together to represent larger units of data.

• A common grouping of 8 bits is called a byte.

Size Abbreviation Equivalent

1 Byte B –

1 Kilobyte 1KB 1024 Bytes

1 Megabyte 1MB 1024 KB

1 Gigabyte 1GB 1024 MB

1 Terabyte 1TB 1024 GB

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