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• Maya read a book (could stand alone as a separate sentence)

• She wrote a summary (could stand alone as a separate sentence)

These two clauses are joined using the coordinating conjunction ‘‘and.’’
Complex Sentences

A complex sentence, on the other hand, contains one independent clause and one or more
dependent clauses (i.e., clauses that cannot stand alone as separate sentences).

Example:
• After Priya finished her homework, she went out to play.

• One independent clause: She went out to play (could stand alone as a separate
sentence)

• One dependent clause: After Priya finished her homework (cannot stand alone as
a separate sentence)
The dependent clause After Priya finished her homework provides additional information about
the timing of the event, but it relies on the independent clause to make sense.

• A compound sentence has two or more independent clauses joined by coordinating
conjunctions (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) or a semicolon.

A complex sentence has one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses joined by
subordinating conjunctions (because, since, if, when, although, etc.).
A. Identify whether the following sentences are compound or complex.

1. Although it was raining, they decided to go for a walk.

2. The sun was setting, and the sky turned a beautiful shade of orange.
3. When I finished my homework, I went out to play.

4. She didn’t go to the party because she was feeling sick.

5. I wanted to play outside, but it started raining.
B. Rewrite the following sentences as complex sentences by adding a dependent clause.

1. The child laughed happily.

2. The dog barked loudly.

3. She finished her homework quickly.
4. They enjoyed the movie.

5. The flowers bloomed beautifully.
6. They celebrated their victory.

7. The teacher praised the students.

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